Business-to-business (B2B) payments are undergoing a quiet but profound transformation. While consumer payments have rapidly evolved toward digital and frictionless experiences, B2B payments -underpinned by decades-old infrastructure and disparate industry practices – have struggled to keep pace. In late 2025, Financial Education & Research Foundation (FERF) in partnership with Boost Payment Solutions conducted a research study that revealed this sector is at an inflection point: aware of its inefficiencies, constrained by legacy systems, yet ripe with opportunities for modernization.
Across more than 130 surveyed companies and five in-depth executive interviews, one message rings clear: B2B payment processes are increasingly viewed not as a back-office necessity but as a strategic lever for competitive advantage.
A System Under Strain
One of the study’s most striking findings is the pervasive dissatisfaction with current payment processes. Only 22% of respondents say their payment processes meet their needs perfectly. Another 34% say their systems function adequately but could use minor improvements, while roughly 44% report that their processes require moderate to significant improvement, and 5% say a full overhaul is needed.
This misalignment stems from several factors:
- Legacy systems that have been “bolted onto” modern workflows
- Industry-specific pressures, including customer power, competitive pricing, and payment-term norms
- Technology debt, where outdated ERPs or partial integrations restrict modernization
As one construction CFO put it, “We’re an older organization, so a lot of our payment processes were set up a long time ago.”
Across industries that range from gaming to logistics to IT, leaders echoed similar experiences: systems built for a different era are straining under today’s expectations for speed, automation, and visibility.
The Automation Gap
Despite widespread recognition of automation’s benefits—accuracy, speed, reduced reconciliations—most companies remain far from fully automated operations.
AP Automation Levels
- 31% mostly manual
- 40% hybrid
- 29% mostly automated
- AR Automation Levels
- 28% mostly manual
- 39% hybrid
- 33% mostly automated
Notably, companies that have mostly automated their AP processes overwhelmingly report higher satisfaction: 81% say their payment processes meet their needs, compared with 45% of mostly manual organizations. Yet even companies with advanced automation sometimes remain dissatisfied highlighting a disconnect between technological aspirations and the realities imposed by foundational systems, budget constraints, or industry norms.
While more than half of respondents are evaluating or implementing further automation initiatives, nearly 40% say it’s not a priority, and roughly 10% cite internal constraints, underscoring the tension between ambition and resource limitations.
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The Human Side of Automation
An important theme in the report is the role humans continue to play in elevating payment operations. Automation, while critical, cannot fully replace the nuanced work of relationship-building, issue resolution, and strategic thinking.
As one IT CFO noted, “Sometimes you have to pick up the phone and make a call. People don’t always want to do it, but it is the best way to troubleshoot issues.”
In fact, many of the most painful AR challenges missing remittance details, nonstandard formats, mismatched invoices—highlight the need for a strong human-led layer to complement automation.
Top Concerns: Cost, Visibility, and Standardization
Companies’ biggest concerns when accepting B2B payments illuminate the pressures finance teams face:
- High cost of acceptance (nearly 60%)
- Limited visibility into payments
- Complex reconciliations and reporting
- Fraud and data security risks, particularly for wire-heavy industries
Though interchange fees often dominate discussions, several executives emphasized the implicit costs of acceptance: manual labor, reconciliation time, and the impact of poor data on cash-flow management. For industries like logistics—where margins can be razor-thin—cost pressures become existential.
The Stubborn Persistence of Checks
Despite widespread frustration, checks remain surprisingly common:
- 13–26% of payments made depending on company size
- 22–25% of payments received
Executives across interviews expressed near-universal disdain for checks. Reasons ranged from processing burdens to fraudulent vulnerabilities to the illusion of “float,” which one logistics CFO called “a mirage.”
And yet, for many companies, customer preferences—and the lack of standardization across industries—make checks difficult to eliminate entirely.
The Strategic Opportunity in Payment Modalities
One of the most compelling insights from the study was the early payment discount arbitrage as a powerful but underutilized strategy.
By pairing early-payment discounts with commercial card acceptance, vendors can:
- Collect payments faster
- Reduce DSO
- Incentivize customer loyalty
- Offset certain acceptance costs via negotiated discount structures
In competitive, low-margin sectors, these payment-structure innovations can generate meaningful “alpha”—the marginal gains that differentiate top performers from the pack.
The Competitive Edge in Modern B2B Payments
The research makes one thing clear: the future of B2B payments belongs to companies that treat payments as a strategic function, not a back-office burden.
Those who modernize will:
- Reduce costs
- Strengthen supplier and customer relationships
- Improve working capital
- Enhance data visibility
- Unlock employee capacity for higher-value work
In industries where a 1–2% edge can determine the winner; optimized payments are no longer nice to have they are essential.
Finance teams today stand at a pivotal moment. The tools exist. The need is clear. The question now is whether organizations will move from recognizing the opportunity to fully capitalizing on it.
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